It's absurd to claim it's marketing since in this exact thread people state they care about this things and appreciate the feature, a feature that can be quantitatively tested.
Btw, The Plan 9 C compilers, which are also included with the Go distribution, also compile C as fast as the Go compiler compiles Go. Both compilers were written by Ken Thompson.
It is marketing, because it is sold as Go was the first language to have such fast implementations, which is not the case, but many refer to Go as if it was the first language having such a feature.
Nobody ever claimed Go was the first language with a fast compiler, it was simply claimed that it builds much faster than C++ and Java.
There are compilers faster than the Go compilers in terms of lines compiled per second. Even Python parses code faster than the Go compiler, however, Go builds large, real life projects, faster because it is the only implementation that scales linearly with the number of components, other scale O(n^2)
Turbo Pascal, Modula, and Ada, which you bring into discussion may have had fast compilers, but the build process was still O(n^2), not O(n).
Btw, The Plan 9 C compilers, which are also included with the Go distribution, also compile C as fast as the Go compiler compiles Go. Both compilers were written by Ken Thompson.