In principle you need a banking license in order to create money, so not "anybody" can create money. For example, I can't, and neither can you (unless you're a bank, which I suspect you're not_.
Not necessarily, could also be IOU, but usually today its the local money from a state/gov - you could also sign up for working for "1 liter of milk,3 potatoes etc."
His point is that vendor loans are a way to get around the banking license restriction. Of course this only works between two entities, not a general customer base. They get around that problem by pumping their valuation on the stock market where anyone can join.
